Instrinsically safe (i.s) equipment:
Zener barriers are frequently used and in the circuit shown the voltage is limited by the Zener diodes, and the maximum current flow to the hazardous area is restricted by the resistors
The use of intrinsically safe systems are normally limited to instrumentation and control circuitry in hazardous areas
Posted in Instrumentation and Auxiliary Systems 
Tags: accommodation, Capacitance Gauges, cargo, cargo tank, closed, devices, Differential Pressure Gauges, Fixed Gas Detector, Flameproof Equipment, gas, gauges, Glycol System, IMO classification, level, liquid, liquid level, Nitrogen Bubbler Gauges, normally, pressure, Pressurised or purged equipment, Seawater System, system, systems, tank, valves, vapour 
No Comments »Methods of controlling vapour pressure in cargo tanks:-
Leading cargo boil-off to ship’s boiler, gas turbine or main engine, to be used as fuel
Leading cargo boil-off to ship’s reliquefaction plant, where the vapour is liquefied
Cooling the liquid cargo in a heat exchanger or by cooling the shell of the cargo tank
Posted in Cargo Handling Systems, Reliquefaction Systems Tags: boiloff, cargo, Control of LNG Boil-off Vapour, cycle, cycle mode, direct, direct cycle, fuel, liquid, lng, Methods of controlling vapour pressure in cargo tanks, mode operation, regulations, Reliquefaction Systems, space, system, tank, twostage, twostage direct, twostage direct cycle, used, vapour No Comments »Normally done by one, or a combination, of the following methods;
A submerged centrifugal pump
A submerged centrifugal pump and a booster pump
Posted in Cargo Handling Systems, Pumps and Unloading System, Unloading of Liquefied Gas Tags: booster, booster pump, cargo, check, deepwell, deepwell pump, delivery, free, liquid, motor, oil, pump, pump booster pump, pumps, seal, shaft, submerged, tank 1 Comment »Kinetic Pump
Increases liquid velocity in the pump by means of a rotating impeller
Pressure rise is restricted by the increase in velocity over the pump
Have a designed or built-in limitation for maximum discharge pressure
Posted in Cargo Handling Systems, Classification of Pumps, Pumps and Unloading System Tags: =, blend tube, centrifugal, delivery, delivery head, eductor, eductor eductor, energy, head, impeller, level, liquid, liquid level, o, pressure, pump, pump’s, tube No Comments »Displacement pump:
Mechanically displaces the liquid in the pump either by by help of a piston or screws
Discharge limitations depends on available power and the constructional strength
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